从小球藻中提取和富集多不饱和脂肪酸的研究Extraction and enrichment of polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalga Chlorella spp.
陈炜;王保刚;李晓东;白永安;张敏;
摘要:
研究了从海水小球藻Chlorellaspp.中提取和富集多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的方法,就提取剂体系、用量、提取次数等对小球藻粗脂肪提取率的影响以及尿素包合法中尿素、甲醇与脂肪酸甲酯的质量比对PUFA、EPA富集效果的影响进行了研究。结果表明:采用氯仿-甲醇提取剂体系,结合超声波萃取法,小球藻粗脂肪的提取率最高,提取次数为两次比较合适,与标准溶剂量相比,总溶剂量可减少42%。在室温(20~22℃)下,尿素与脂肪酸甲酯的质量比为6∶1,尿素与甲醇的质量比为1∶4时,PUFA占总脂肪酸的含量由脲包前的50%提高到82.9%;EPA占总脂肪酸的的含量由脲包前的39%提高到71.6%,EPA富集系数为1.84。
关键词: 小球藻;多不饱和脂肪酸;二十碳五烯酸;尿素包合法;粗脂肪
基金项目: 大连海洋大学科研项目(SY2007041)
通讯作者:
Email:
参考文献:
- [1]Giménez A G,González MJ I,Medina AR,et al.Downstream pro-cessing and purification of eicosapentaenoic(20:5n-3)andarachidonic acids(20:4n-6)from the microalgaPorphyridiumcruentum[J].Bioseparation,1998,7:89-99.
- [2]Guil-Guerrero J L,EI-Hassan Belarbi,Rebolloso-Fuentes MM.Eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acids purification from thered microalgaePorphyridium cruentum[J].Bioseparation,2000,9:299-306.
- [3]赵薇,吴义诚,江贤章,等.提取及培养条件对紫球藻AA与EPA的影响[J].食品工业科技,2009,30(3):168-171.
- [4]Cartens M,Grima E M,Medina A R,et al.Eicosapentaenoic acid(20:5n-3)from the marine microalgaPhaeodactylum tricornu-tum[J].J Am Oil Chem Soc,1996,73(8):1025-1031.
- [5]Grima E M,Medina AR,Giménez AG,et al.Gram-scale purifi-cation of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA,20:5n-3)from wetPhae-odactylum tricornutumUTEX 640 biomass[J].Journal of AppliedPhycology,1996,8:359-367.
- [6]González M J I,Medina A R,Grima E M,et al.Optimization offatty acid extraction fromPhaeodactylum tricornutumUTEX 640biomass[J].J Am Oil Chem Soc,1998,75(12):1735-1740.
- [7]姚领,胡萍,胡蓓娟,等.两种溶剂提取法提取三角褐指藻中不饱和脂肪酸的比较[J].食品工业科技,2006,27(12):114-116.
- [8]Grima E M,Medina A R,Giménez A G,et al.Comparison betweenextraction of lipids and fatty acids from microalgal biomass[J].JAm Oil Chem Soc,1994,71(9):955-959.
- [9]Medina A R,Giménez A G,Camacho F G,et al.Concentration andpurification of stearidonic,eicosapentaenoic,and docosahexaenoicacids fromcod liver oil and the marine microalgaIsochrysis galbana[J].J Am Oil Chem Soc,1995,72(5):575-583.
- [10]吴庆,蔡昭玲,丛威,等.从微藻中提取多不饱和脂肪酸[J].北京化工大学学报,2004,31(4):5-8.
- [11]张穗,高红莲,陈浩如,等.海洋微藻中EPA和DHA的超临界CO2提取方法研究[J].热带海洋,1999,18(2):33-38.
- [12]宋启煌,高红莲,张穗,等.超临界CO2从小球藻中萃取EPA和DHA的工艺研究[J].化学世界,1999,3:146-150.
- [13]Christie W W.Lipid Analysis[M].Oxford:Pergamon Press,1982:22.
- [14]Metcalfe L D,Schmitz AA,Peaka J R,et al.Rapid preparation offatty acids esters from lipids for gas chromatographic analysis[J].Analyt Chem,1966,38:514-515.
- [15]Lee S K.Method for isolating high-purified unsaturated fattyacids using crystallization[P].United States,Patent ApplicationPublication US2003/0027865A1.Feb.6,2003.
- [16]Ackman R G.Analysis of oils and fats[M].London:ElseviesAppl Sci Pub,1986:137-206.
- [17]Ackman R G.Simplification of analyses of fatty acids in fish lip-ids and related lipid samples[J].Acta Med Scand,1987,222:99-103.
- [18]Christie W W.Equivalent chain-lengths of methyl ester deriva-tives of fatty acids on gas chromatography:A reappraisal[J].JChromat,1988,447:305-314.
- [19]徐瑞正.生物统计在实验和临床药理学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:28-29.
- [20]翁新楚,董新伟,任国谱.脲包法在脂类分离技术中的应用[J].中国油脂,1994,19(6):40-44.