刘胥;席文秋;姚俊刚;赵艳红;郑岩;田盛君;张丽华;孙娜;李永函;

• 1:盘锦光合蟹业有限公司
• 2:大连海洋大学水产与生命学院

摘要：

于2010年11月—2011年3月,连续5个月对辽河三角洲4个海水越冬池(3#、4#、5#、7#)冰下浮游动物的种类组成及其数量进行调查和研究。结果表明:越冬池冰下浮游动物主要由原生动物、轮虫、桡足类和环节动物多毛类组成,桡足类为主体。其中,原生动物主要有旋回侠盗虫Strobilidium gyrans、单环栉毛虫Didinium balbianii、妥肯丁拟铃虫Tintionnopsis toxantinensis、粘游仆虫Euplotes muscicola和恩茨筒壳虫Tintinnidium entzii,各池平均为285.03 ind./L;轮虫主要有喜冷疣毛轮虫Synchaeta lakowitziana和喜盐疣毛轮虫S.tavina,个别池塘还发现褶皱臂尾轮虫Brachionus plicatilis和尖削叶轮虫Notholca acuminata,各池平均为116.87 ind./L;桡足类主要有近亲真宽水蚤Eurytemora affinis、太平真宽水蚤E.Pacifica、细巧华哲水蚤Sinocalamus tenellus、左指华哲水蚤S.laevidactlus和长毛基齿哲水蚤Clausocalanus furcatus,各池平均为62.87 ind./L;多毛类仅利氏才女虫一种,均为幼虫,各池平均为32.56 ind./L。4个越冬池中都有一定数量的桡足类,当其大量繁殖(>100 ind./L)时,会严重影响越冬池的现存氧,本试验采用水泵筛绢网抽滤法,有效地控制其数量,保证了冰下水体的溶氧。

关键词： 海水越冬池;浮游动物;桡足类

Abstract: The zooplankton was observed in four overwintering seawater ponds in the Liaohe River Delta Branch at Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co.,Ltd.from November 2010 to March 2011.The zooplankton in these overwintering ponds was found to be mainly composed of protozoa,rotifers,copepods which were the main components.Protozoa predomanntly includes Strobilidium gyrans,Didinium balbianii,Tintionnopsis toxantinensis,Euplotes muscicola and Tintinnidium entzii,with a density of 285.03 ind./L.The rotifer mainly included Synchaeta lakowitziana and S.tavina,also a small amount of Brachionus plicatilis,with a density of 116.87 ind./L.Copepods mainly included Eurytemora affinis,E.pacifica,Sinocalamus tenellus,S.laevidactlus and Clausocalanus furcatus,62.87 ind./L.There was only one kind of polychaetes—Polydora ligni,and all of them were larvae,with a density of 32.56 ind./L.The biomass of copepods was the maximum in the four overwintering seawater ponds.When they make blooms,it was helpfull reducing the depleting factor by controlling the number of microzooplankton,such as rotifer;but their own consumption of oxygen was a main depleting factor in the overwintering seawater ponds.This study used filtration approach by pumps and silk screen mesh and limited the number of copepods effectively.The ultimate goal was to promot water dissolved oxygen level and phytoplankton biomass rising day by day.It was considered that clearing the sediment and disinfecting the water as a good way to limit the number of copepods at the beginning of overwintering.

Keywords: overwintering seawater pond;zooplankton;copepods

基金项目: 辽宁省海洋与渔业厅科技攻关计划项目(200819,201015)

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